Numerical analysis of artificial heart valves

Single-leaflet artificial heart valve (Bjork-Shiley)
Single-leaflet artificial heart valve (Bjork-Shiley)

The formation of blood coagulation near or on a heart valve reduces functionality and fatigue strength.
In addition to coating valves with haemocompatible materials it is very important to optimize flow characteristics to avoid areas of stagnant blood flow so that the formation of clots with all their disadvantageous effects can be reduced.

Numerical simulation using CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) is an excellent method for investigating flow characteristics near the valve, showing critical areas and comparing different optimized variants as regards valve function and haemocompatibility. Bi-leaflet artificial heart valve
Bi-leaflet artificial heart valve
The following computer simulation shows a calculation of speed distribution on single- and bi-leaflet artificial heart valves, an assessment of areas of flow stagnation (risk of coagulation) and maximum shear stresses (blood damage) around the valve.
Speed distribution on a single-leaflet artificial heart valve (Bjork-Shiley)
Speed distribution on a single-leaflet artificial heart valve (Bjork-Shiley)
Speed distribution on a bi-leaflet artificial heart valve
Speed distribution on a bi-leaflet artificial heart valve
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